Nephrology and Kidney Diseases

Hypertension and Kidney Interactions

Hypertension is closely linked with kidney disease, both as a cause and a consequence. Renal parenchymal and renovascular hypertension result from damage to renal structures, while chronic high blood pressure accelerates glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Effective blood pressure control is central to preserving renal function. Therapeutic approaches include renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics, with individualized regimens for resistant hypertension. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring has gained prominence in assessing true control and nocturnal dipping patterns. Lifestyle interventions such as salt restriction and exercise are emphasized alongside pharmacological therapy to optimize renal outcomes.

Topics covered:

• Pathophysiology of hypertension-induced kidney damage

• Resistant hypertension management

• Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in CKD