Nephrology and Kidney Diseases

Post-Infectious and Acute Glomerular Syndromes

Infections can trigger glomerular inflammation and immune complex deposition, resulting in post-infectious glomerulonephritis. Streptococcal infections are classic causes, especially in children, though other pathogens such as hepatitis B and C, HIV, and Staphylococcus aureus may also contribute. Clinical presentation includes hematuria, proteinuria, edema, and hypertension. Diagnosis relies on serology, complement levels, and renal biopsy. Management is generally supportive but may require immunosuppressive therapy in severe cases. Early treatment of the underlying infection, along with monitoring for long-term renal sequelae, is crucial. Recognizing these syndromes promptly can prevent progression to chronic kidney disease.

Topics covered:

• Streptococcal and Staphylococcal-associated nephritis

• Complement system in glomerular injury

• Treatment strategies for infection-triggered nephropathy